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Sweet potato is one of the most important root crops and its postharvest physiological changes are very critical to understand. The storage roots of sweet potato are perishable due to its high respiration rate, rapid physiological weight loss, microbial attack, weevil infestation and quicker sprouting tendency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of genotypes and sizes of storage roots on physiological changes and shelf life of sweet potato during storage at ambient condition. The two-factor experiment was conducted with eight sweet potato genotypes (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7 and G8) and three sizes of storage roots viz., S1: Large size (≥ 350g), S2: Medium size (150-349g), S3: Small size (50-149g) following completely randomized design with three replications. After harvesting, storage roots were cleaned followed by graded as three separated sizes. Five (5) kg of storage roots for each group were kept in the net bags and arranged in the laboratory floor at ambient condition. Results show that there was a wide variation noticed among the tested genotypes and sizes of storage roots of sweet potato. At 45 days after storage, the physiological weight loss (PWL) was of large size storage roots of genotypes G8 was the lowest (18.27%). Dry matter contents and total soluble solids (%TSS) were the maximum in G2 (51.20% to 52.40% and 14.07% to 14.77%) irrespective of sizes. No sprouting noticed in large size storage roots of G4 but this genotype exhibited the highest weevil infestation (93.33% to 100%) as a result shelf life of this genotype was the lowest (22.4 days).